The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
However, the southern French side fired twice late to seize a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
The record champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 years.